New York

New York- is the most populous city in the United States and the center of the New York, which is one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world. New York City has a significant impact on global commerce, finance, media, culture, art, fashion, research, education, and entertainment. As host of the United Nations Headquarters, it is also an important center for international affairs. The city is often referred to as New York City or the City of New York, to distinguish it from the state of New York, of which it is a part.
Economy -New York is a global hub of international business and commerce and is one of three "command centers" for the Word economy (along with London and Tokyo). The city is a major center for finance, insurance, real estate, media and the arts in the United States.

New York Stock Exchange on Wall Street, the largest stock exchange in the world by dollar volume
The New York metropolitan area had approximately gross metropolitan product of $1.13 trillion in 2005, making it the largest regional economy in the United States and, according to IT Week, the second largest city economy in the world. According to Cinco Dias, New York controlled 40% of the world's finances by the end of 2008, making it the largest financial center in the world. Many major corporations are headquartered in New York City, including 42 Fortune 500 companies.  New York is also unique among American cities for its large number of foreign corporations. One out of ten private sector jobs in the city is with a foreign company.
Manhattan had 353.7 million square feet (32,860,000 m²) of office space in 2001.
Midtown Manhattan is the largest central business district in the United States. Lower Manhattan is the third largest central business district in the United States, and is home to The New York Stock Exchange, located on Wall Street, and the NASDAQ, representing the world's first and second largest stock exchanges, respectively, when measured by average daily trading volume and overall market capitalization. Financial services account for more than 35% of the city's employment income.
Real estate is a major force in the city's economy, as the total value of all New York City property was $802.4 billion in 2006. The Tiem Warner Center is the property with the highest-listed market value in the city, at $1.1 billion in 2006. New York City is home to some of the nation's—and the world's—most valuable real estate. 450 Park Avenue was sold on July 2, 2007 for $510 million, about $1,589 per square foot ($17,104/m²), breaking the barely month-old record for an American office building of $1,476 per square foot ($15,887/m²) set in the June 2007 sale of 660 Madison Avenue.
The city's television and film industry is the second largest in the country after Hollywood. Creative industries such as new media, advertising, fashion, design and architecture account for a growing share of employment, with New York City possessing a strong competitive advantage in these industries.
High-tech industries like biotechnology, software development, game design, and internet services are also growing, bolstered by the city's position at the terminus of several transatlantik fiber optic trunk lines. Other important sectors include medical research and technology, non-profit institutions, and universities.
Manufacturing accounts for a large but declining share of employment. Garments, chemicals, metal products, processed foods, and furniture are some of the principal products. The food-processing industry is the most stable major manufacturing sector in the city. Food making is a $5 billion industry that employs more than 19,000 residents. Chocolate is New York City's leading specialty-food export, with $234 million worth of exports each year.

Cuisine
New York's food culture includes a variety of world cuisines influenced by the city's immigrant history.
Eastern European and Italian immigrants have made the city famous for bagels, cheesecake, and New York – style pizza. Some 4,000 mobile food vendors licensed by the city, many immigrant-owned, have made Middle Eastern foods such as falafels and kebabs standbys of modern New York street food, although hot dogs and pretzels are still the main street fare.
The city is also home to many of the finest and most diverse haute cuisine restaurants in the United States.


Sports
There have been thirty-five Major League Baseball World Series won by New York teams. It is one of only five metro areas (Chicago, Washington-Baltimore, Los Angeles and the San Francisco Bay Area being the others) to have two baseball teams. The city's two current Major League Baseball teams are the New York Yankees and the New York Mets, who compete in six games every regular season called the Subway series. The Yankees have won a record 27 championships, while the Mets have won the World Series twice. The city also was once home to the New York Giants (now the San Francisco Giants) and the Brooklyn Dodgers (now the Los Angeles Dodgers). Both teams moved to California in 1958. There are also two minor league baseball teams in the city, the Staten Island Yankees and Brooklyn Cyclones.
The city is represented in the Nationall Football League by the New York Jets and New York Giants (officially the New York Football Giants), although both teams play their home games atNew Meadownlands Stadium in nearby East Rutherford,New Jersey. The stadium will host Super Bowl XLVIII in 2014.
TheNew York  Marathon is the largest marathon in the world.
The New York Rangers represent the city in the National Hockey League. Within the metropolitan area are two other NHL franchises, the New Jersey Devils, who play in nearby Newmark, New Jersey and appeal mostly to the fans of Northern and Central New Jersey, and the New York Islanders, who play in Nassau Country, Long Island and draw the majority of their fans from Nassau and Suffolk Counties. This is the only instance of a single metropolitan area having three teams within one of the four major North American professional sports leagues.
The city's National Basketball Association team is the New York Knicks and the city's Women´s National Basketball Assocoation team is the New Yoek Liberty. Also within the metropolitan area are the New Jersey Nets, who currently share the Prudential Center in Newark with the Devils and are planning a move to Brooklyn, where they will occupy the Barclays Center as early as 2012. The first national college-level basketball championship, the National Invitation Tournament, was held in New York in 1938 and remains in the city. Rucker Park in Harlem is a celebrated court where many professional athletes play in the summer league.



Enviroment
Mass transit use in New York City is the highest in the United States, and gasoline consumption in the city is the same rate as the national average in the 1920s. The city's high level of mass transit use saved 1.8 billion gallons of oil in 2006; New York City saves half of all the oil saved by transit nationwide. The city's population density, low automobile use and high transit utility make it among the most energy efficient cities in the United States. Its greenhouse gas emissions are 7.1 metric tons per person compared with the national average of 24.5. New Yorkers are collectively responsible for 1% of the nation's greenhouse gass emissions though they comprise 2.7% of the nation's population. The average New Yorker consumes less than half the electricity used by a resident of San Francisco and nearly one-quarter the electricity consumed by a resident of Dallas.


As of July 2010 the city had 3,715hybrid taxis in service, the largest number in any city in North America.
In recent years, the city has focused on reducing its environmental impact. Large amounts of concentrated pollution in New York has led to a high incidence of asthma and other respiratory conditions among the city's residents.  The city government is required to purchase only the most energy-efficient equipment for use in city offices and public housing.  New York has the largest clean air diesel-hybrid and compressed natural gas bus fleet in the country, and also, by mid 2010 the city has 3,715 hybrid taxis and other clean diesel vehicles, representing around 28% of New York's taxi fleet in service, the most in any city in North America.
The city government was a petitioner in the landmark Massachusetts v. Environmental Protection Agency Supreme Court case forcing the EPA to regulate greenhouse gases as pollutants. The city is also a leader in the construction of energy-efficient green office buildings, including the Hearst Tower among others.
The city is supplied with drinking water by the protected Catskill Mountains watershed.  As a result of the watershed's integrity and undisturbed natural water filtration system, New York is one of only four major cities in the United States with drinking water pure enough not to require purification by water treatment plants.
New York is the only US city where autoless households constitute a greater percentage of the population than households with one or more cars. Approximately 55% of all NYC households do not have a car in the household.
Architecture
The Empire state building and Chrysler building, built in Art Deco style.
Manhattan's skyline with its many skyscrapers is universally recognized, and the city has been home to several of the tallest buildings in the world. As of August 2008, New York City has 5,538 highrise buildings, with 50 completed skyscrapers taller than 656 feet (200m). This is more than any other city in United States, and second in the world, behind Hong Kong.
New York has architecturally noteworthy buildings in a wide range of styles. These include the Woolworth Building (1913), an early gothic revival skyscraper built with massively scaled gothic detailing. The 1916 Zoning Resolution required setback in new buildings, and restricted towers to a percentage of the lot size, to allow sunlight to reach the streets below.
The Art Deco style of the Chrasler building (1930), with its tapered top and steel spire, reflected the zoning requirements. The building has distinctive ornamentation such as replicas at the corners of the 61st floor of the 1928 Chrysler eagle hood ornaments.
A highly influential example of the international style in the United States is the Seagram building (1957), distinctive for its facade using visible bronze-toned I-beams to evoke the building's structure. The Condé Nast building (2000) is an prominent example of green design in American skyscrapers.
New York's large residential districts are often defined by the classic brownstone rowhouses, townhouses, and tenements that were built during a period of rapid growth from 1870 to 1930. Stone and brick became the city's building materials of choice after the construction of wood-frame houses was limited in the aftermath of the Great fire of 1835.
A distinctive feature of many of the city's buildings is the wooden roof-mounted water towers. In the 1800s, the city required their installation on buildings higher than six stories to prevent the need for excessively high water pressures at lower elevations, which could break municipal water pipes.
Garden apartments became popular during the 1920s in outlying areas, including Jackson Heights in Queens.

New York is the biggest city in the USA. Is situated in the East coast by the Atlantic ocean. There live 7 million people, but the whole metropolitan area is counted 17 million people. New York is the biggest city of Czech imigrants, too.
New York has five major parts : Manhattan, Queens, the Bronx, Staten Island and Brooklyn. The black quarter – Harlem – is in northern part of Manhattan.
History
The original inhabitants were Indians. The oldest part – Manhattan Island – was bought from the Indians by the Dutch in 1625 for goods worth 25 American dollars. The original names was New Amsterdam, but in 1644 the British settlers renamed it New York. The name is from the brother of the English King Duke from York.
New York was the first capital of the United States from 1785 to 1790.
New York is an important industrial city an business centre. There are 4 airports, for example J.F. Kennedy or La Guardia. New York has the largest subway system in the world.
Half of city’s population is either foreign born or has a foregn born parent. New York is notorious for its crime. There are gangs and homeless people living in the streets.
Manhattan
The island is washed by two rivers the East River and the Hudson River. It is considered the „neart“ of the city. Manhattan was built on a modern plan of streets and avenues. Streets run east-west and avenues north-south. 42 street is between the Down town and Up town and between West side and East side is 5 avenue.        Wall street is the centre of banking industry.

Famous park is Central Park where also rock concerts take place. Times square located on the west side of Manhattan and has been associated with the New Year’s Eve celebration for New Yorkers.

World Trade Center
New York was a complex of seven buildings. Buildings designed by Minoru Yamasaki and Antonio Brittiochi.
Building Description
The most famous of these buildings were twins - two towers (North and South Tower), which were built between 1966-1972 and 1974 were the highest buildings in the world (527 meters), eclipsed the Sears Tower in Chicago. Each tower had 110 floors. In addition to these complex located in five buildings. Each of the two towers had its own house number.

The attacks of 11 September 2001 were a series of coordinated terrorist attacks that took place on 11 September 2001 in the United States of America. According to an official investigation of 19 men linked to the militant Islamic organization al-Qaeda hijacked four commercial aircraft on routes to American Airlines and United Airlines. Two of them (American Airlines Flight 11, United Airlines Flight No. 175) crashed into the World Trade Center in New York and caused their destruction. The third aircraft (American Airlines Flight 77) crashed into the Pentagon, headquarters of the Ministry of Defense of the United States of America in the U.S. capital, Washington. The fourth aircraft (United Airlines Flight 93) crashed in the uninhabited area in Pennsylvania after a fight between terrorists and passengers to control the aircraft. The plane flew to Washington and there is speculation that it was intended to hit the White House or U.S. Capitol. The attacks killed a total of about 3,000 people.
Beautiful skyscrapes in New York are the Empire State Building. Located at 5th Avenue & 34th Street, for forty years the tallest building in the world. There are two observation towers, which offering spectacular panoramic views of New York.
The most worldknown is Brooklyn Bridge, other bridges are Manhattan and William bridge.
Brodway is the centre of cultural life, there are cinemas, theatres, clubs of music.
The Statue of Liberty is in Liberty Island and it is the gift from France to the people of the USA in 1886. It is a symbol of hope and freedom.

For traveling is in the city the subway system, railroads, etc.